消费者对HACCP认证食用油的支付意愿及其影响因素研究——以天津市消费者为例

本文研究了消费者是否愿意为通过HACCP认证的食用油支付额外价格及影响支付意愿的因素。通过问卷调查,采用Logistic回归模型分析最终得出了消费者的支付意愿及关键影响因素。     

Antimicrobial Activity of a Pullulan–Caraway Essential Oil Coating on Reduction of Food Microorganisms and Quality in Fresh Baby Carrot

This research evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of pullulan films containing caraway essential oil (CEO). The films were prepared from a 10% of pullulan, containing from 0.12% to 10.0% of CEO. The composition of the CEO was analyzed with the use of gas chromatography. The antimicrobial activity of the CEO was evaluated with the method of serial microdilutions, and the films containing CEO—with the agar diffusion method against selected Gram‐negative, Gram‐positive bacteria, and fungi. The structure of the film surface and its cross‐section were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Analyses were also carried out to determine the efficacy of a pullulan coating with 10% CEO on baby carrots experimentally inoculated with Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Aspergillus niger and stored at a room temperature for 7 d. At a concentration of 0.12%, CEO inhibited the growth of all the tested microorganisms. Pullulan films containing 8% to 10% of CEO were active against all tested microorganisms. Populations of S. aureus on carrot samples were reduced by approximately 3 log CFU/g, while those of A. niger and S. cerevisiae by, respectively, 5 and 4 log CFU/g, after 7 d of storage. S. enteritidis was the most resistant among the tested species, since it was not significantly reduced after 7 d of storage. At the end of storage, samples treated with pullulan–caraway oil coating maintained better visual acceptability than control samples. Results of this study suggest the feasibility of applying a pullulan film with incorporated CEO to extend the microbiological stability of minimally processed foods.     

实施绿色供应链管理,提升我国食用油产业竞争优势

从我国食用油产业特点出发,阐述了绿色供应链管理(GSCM)的内涵和紧迫性,提出食用油产业实施GSCM的模式,分析影响食用油产业实施GSCM的宏观和微观环境因素,指出实施GSCM对食用油产业竞争优势的战略价值表现,进而提出GSCM模式下提升我国食用油产业竞争优势的可选途径。     

Moisture sorption and thermodynamic properties of cassava starch and soy protein concentrate based edible films

Moisture sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of cassava starch and soy protein concentrate–based edible films were investigated. Equilibrium moisture content was determined at various temperatures (10, 20, 30 and 40 °C) and relative humidities (17–83%) using gravimetric method, and the results were analysed using four sorption isotherm models. The equilibrium moisture of edible films (both adsorption and desorption modes) decreased with soy protein concentrate addition and temperature at constant water activity. The monolayer moisture content values of cassava starch–soy protein concentrate edible films decreased with increase in temperature and soy protein level. GAB and Oswin models (%RMS ≤10) best described the isotherms of the biofilms with the monolayer moisture contents, isosteric enthalpy and entropy higher for adsorption with significant kinetic compensations. The moisture sorption and thermodynamic properties of cassava starch–soy protein concentrate edible films showed that they are suitable for packaging applications.     

Decolorization of textile dyes by Bjerkandera sp. BOL 13 using waste biomass as carbon source

BACKGROUND: Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor and Bjerkandera sp BOL13 were compared for decolorization of azo dyes supplied individually or as a mixture. The dye decolorization was also evaluated during continuous treatment under non‐sterile conditions using a lignocellulosic growth substrate. RESULTS: Bjerkandera sp BOL13 showed the highest dye decolorization potential. This fungus was also found to support high decolorization of Remazol Red RR at an initial pH of 4‐6 and when using straw as co‐substrate. The fungus was evaluated for Remazol Red RR decolorization in a continuously fed packed‐bed bioreactor operated under non‐sterile conditions with 3 days of hydraulic retention time. When glucose was supplied as growth‐substrate, decolorization efficiencies of 65‐90% were maintained for 12 days in a bioreactor packed with wooden material. The decolorization efficiency was lower when glucose was not fed to the fungus or when a plastic material was used as packing. Higher manganese peroxidase and laccase activities were also recorded when the wood packing was used. Contamination caused a drop in decolorization efficiency after 17‐19 days operation. CONCLUSIONS: The potential of Bjerkandera sp BOL13 for decolorization of azo dyes under non‐sterile conditions using lignocellulosic growth substrates was demonstrated. Research is needed to reduce contamination under non‐sterile conditions. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

米饭用添加剂

从营养学角度来看,米饭的营养价值有待于营养强化。本文介绍一种“米饭添加剂”,采用的原料全部是天然源营养素。食用安全,且能提高米饭的风味和营养价值。     

Production of lepidimoide by an endophytic fungus from polysaccharide extracted from Abelmoschus sp.: identification of the product and the organism producing it

A highly potent allelopathic factor, lepidimoide, was initially extracted from mucilage of germinated cress seeds. Polysaccharide extracted from okra (Abelmoschus esculentum Moench) is considered to have a similar structure to lepidimoide as its repeating unit. We therefore initiated the screening of enzymes capable of degrading okra polysaccharide into lepidimoide from endophytes. We discovered an endophytic fungal strain AHU9748 isolated from Coleus galeatus, which produced an oligosaccharide having similar properties to lepidimoide on thin layer chromatography. The physico-chemical data from ESI-MS, NMR spectra and other analyses also showed the purified product to be identical to lepidimoide. The strain AHU9748 was identified as a fungus belonging to the coelomycetes, closely related to the genus Colletotrichum, based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the 18S rDNA and ITS region.     

主要环境因子对两株松树外生菌根真菌生长的影响

研究了培养基、pH、温度及水势对松林下常见外生菌根真菌牛肝菌(Boletus sp.)和乳菇(Lactariussp.)生长的影响。结果表明,在所选择的培养基上,两种菌株都能生长,在添加维生素类物质的天然培养基上,生长旺盛;对pH适应范围较广;L.sp.在弱碱性条件下生长较好,而B.sp.在弱酸性条件下生长较好;温度对菌株生长影响较大,两种菌株最适生长温度均为25℃;极端水势条件下,L.sp.和B sp.均不能生长,轻度水分胁迫能促进L.sp.和B.sp.的生长。L.sp.是一种适应性较强的菌株。